✅ What is Diabetes?

Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic health condition that affects how your body turns food into energy. It occurs when:

  • The pancreas doesn’t produce enough insulin, or
  • The body can’t effectively use the insulin it produces.

Insulin is a hormone that helps glucose (sugar) from food enter the cells to be used for energy. Without enough insulin, sugar stays in the bloodstream, leading to high blood sugar levels.

🔍 Types of Diabetes

1. Type 1 Diabetes

  • An autoimmune condition where the body attacks insulin-producing cells.
  • Usually diagnosed in children and young adults.
  • Requires lifelong insulin therapy.

2. Type 2 Diabetes

  • The most common form.
  • Body becomes resistant to insulin or doesn’t make enough.
  • Often linked to obesity, inactivity, and genetics.
  • Can be managed with lifestyle changes and medication.

3. Gestational Diabetes

  • Occurs during pregnancy.
  • Usually disappears after delivery but increases the mother’s risk of developing type 2 diabetes later.

⚠️ Common Symptoms of Diabetes

  • Frequent urination (especially at night)
  • Excessive thirst and hunger
  • Fatigue and weakness
  • Unexplained weight loss (more common in Type 1)
  • Blurred vision
  • Slow-healing wounds
  • Numbness or tingling in hands or feet
  • Skin infections

💊 Treatment Options

🥗 Lifestyle Changes

  • Healthy diet (low in sugar and refined carbs)
  • Regular exercise (30–60 mins daily)
  • Weight management

💉 Medications

  • Oral medications like Metformin (Type 2)
  • Insulin injections (essential for Type 1; sometimes used in Type 2)

🩺 Monitoring

  • Regular blood sugar checks
  • HbA1c test every 3–6 months

🛡️ Prevention Tips for Type 2 Diabetes

  • Maintain a healthy weight
  • Be physically active
  • Eat a balanced diet rich in fiber
  • Limit sugary drinks and processed foods
  • Quit smoking
  • Regular health check-ups (especially if you have a family history)

📝 Final Note

Diabetes is manageable with the right care. Early diagnosis, lifestyle control, and medical guidance can help you live a healthy, active life even with diabetes.

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